District Profile
DETAILS OF DISTRICT
Sambhal district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state of India. It was announced on 28 September 2011 as one of three new districts in the state. It was formerly named "Bhimnagar". Sambhal Head Quarters is Bahjoi town.
During the 12th century, Prithviraj Chauhan, Delhi’s last Hindu ruler is said to have engaged in two fierce battles here which were both fought against Ghazi Sayyad Salar Masud, who was the nephew of the ruler of the Ghazni empire-Mahmud Ghazni. Chauhan gained victory over the latter in the first war and vice versa is said to have occurred in the second war. There nevertheless is no circumstantial evidence to prove the same and is widely regarded as a legend.
Qutub-ud-din Aibak, the first Muslim sultan of Delhi, seized Sambhal and included it under his empire. That was in the early 14th Century and subsequently, Firoz Shah Tughlaq, another sultan of Delhi , raided the town of Sambhal as one of the Hindu rulers from there was responsible for the killing of several of his men. He, therefore, administered a Muslim rule in Sambhal to try and vanquish all of the Hindu ruler’s forces and enslave him for the rest of his life.
MAJOR FARMING SYSTEMS/ENTERPRISES (BASED ON THE ANALYSIS MADE BY THE KVK)
| SR. NO | Farming system/enterprise |
|---|---|
| 1 | Major crops – Paddy, Wheat, Mustard, Sugarcane, Mentha, Lentil, Potato. |
| 2 | Crop rotation– Rice-Sugarcane, Rice- Wheat, Urd-Mustard-Mentha, Jowar-Mustard-Mentha |
| 3 | Agriculture + Hort. + Livestock |
| 4 | Agri. + Livestock |
| 5 | Landless + Livestock5 |
Description of Agro-climatic Zone & major agro ecological situations (based on soil and topography)
| Sr. No | AES | Characteristics of A.E.S. | Major commodities | Farming system्ठी | Block |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I- Central western plain zone of the district | -Loam and clay loam with high fertility - medium rainfal |
Rice, wheat, mentha, sugarcane, chilli, cauliflower, cabbage, mango, guava, buffalo, cows | Paddy, wheat, sugarcane+ Poplar+ A.H. (Cow, buffalo) | Baniyakhera,Bhajoi,Rajpura, |
| 2 | II. Central western Plain zone/ Central east southern region of the district | -Sandy loam to loam soil of medium fertility medium rainfall |
Rice, wheat, mentha, sugarcane, mustard as well as vegetables (pea, cucumber, chilli, tomato, potato) and mango fruit, buffalo, cows | Paddy, wheat, potato, sugarcane, mentha, mustard based systems + horticulture + A.H. | Gunor,Sambhal,Junavai,Asmoli |
| 3 | III Central western plain zone Central region of the district | -Sandy loam to loam and clay soil of medium fertility - medium rainfall |
Rice, wheat, mentha, sugarcane, potato, guava, mango, poplar etc. | Paddy, wheat, sugarcane, mentha based systems poplar + A.H.+ Hort. | Pawasa,Rajpura, Bhajoi |
Climate
Sambhal has a hot climate for most of the year. The average summer temperatures range from 25º C to 46º C, May and June being the hottest months. The monsoon extends from July-September, bringing an average rainfall of 919 mm. Winters last from November to February-March. Cold waves from the Himalayan region make the winters in sambhal very chilly. Temperatures fall as low as 5º to 6ºC at the peak of winter.
| SR. NO | Soil type | Area (ha) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Clay loam | 64571.00 |
| 2 | Sandy soil | 125478.00 |
| 3 | Sandy loam | 45871.00 |
| 4 | Loam | 12000.00 |
| 5 | Total | 247920.00 |
Rivers:
West- Ganga, Rainfall: 540.78 mm. Temperature: 6 - 47.0 oC., Humidity – 75 – 85% Per capita income: Rs.25350 per month .
Agriculture:
Net cultivated area: 183169 ha, Irrigation: 99.5%; Cropping intensity: 180.0%. 75% population is engaged in agriculture.
Area, Production and Productivity of major crops cultivated in the district
| SR. NO | Crop | Area (000ha) | Production (000MT) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | FIELD CROPS INCLUDING OIL SEEDS AND PULSES | |||
| 1 | Wheat | 139.858 | 564.047 | 40.33 |
| 2 | Lentil | 0.999 | 0.800 | 8.00 |
| 3 | Mustard | 13.412 | 19.659 | 14.66 |
| 4 | Paddy (Rice) | 38.227 | 98.052 | 25.65 |
| 5 | Bajra | 78.777 | 121.463 | 15.42 |
| 6 | Urd | 6.928 | 6.221 | 8.98 |
| 7 | Maize | 3.699 | 9.022 | 24.39 |
| 8 | Ground nut | 0.006 | 0.006 | 9.94 |
| 9 | Pea | 0.162 | 0.166 | 1023 |
| 10 | Till | 0.634 | 0.143 | 2.26 |
| B | VEGETABLES | |||
| 1 | Potato | 14500 | 3625000 | 250.00 |
| 2 | Onion | 107 | 21400 | 200.00 |
| 3 | Cauliflower | 3023 | 997900 | 330.00 |
| 4 | Tomato | 515 | 231750 | 450.00 |
| 5 | Bottel guard | 242 | 55660 | 230.00 |
| C | Fruits | |||
| 1 | Mango | 3110 | 653100 | 210.00 |
| 2 | Guava | 2375 | 665000 | 280.00 |